An Introduction to Biomass Zia Haq Energy Information Administration February 28, 2006
Presentation Outline Introduction Biomass in the U.S. energy context Assumptions and methodology for the biomass forecast in NEMS Why are biomass supplies of concern Modeling inputs and methodology for forecast Capital cost…
U.S. Energy Consumption in 2004 Energy source Consumption (Quads) Conventional hydroelectricity 2.69 Biomass (wood, black liquor, other wood waste) 2.02 Waste (MSW, LFG, other biomass) 0.56 Ethanol 0.30 Geothermal 0.35…
Biomass Utilization in NEMS Sectors Industrial Agricultural residues cogeneration Dedicated biomass Electricity generation Energy crops Total sector Biomass cofiring biomass Biomass demand supply curves Ethanol from…
Biomass Supply Curve Components Forest products: salvageable dead wood, logging residues, and excess polewood Urban wood waste and mill residues: mill residues, urban wood waste, and construction and demolition debris Agricultural…
Biomass Transportation Cost Assumptions in NEMS Transportation cost included in all feedstock types and therefore supply curve represents delivered price (farm + transportation cost) Urban wood waste and mill residues transportation cost:…
Agricultural Residue Updates Revised corn stover supplies reduction in available residues due to soil quality concerns Inclusion of other crops Barley, cotton, oats, orchard prunings, rice, rye, sorghum, sugarcane Varying extraction…
Availability of Biomass in U.S. 7 .0 0 Total biomass available 491 million short tons/year 6 .0 0 5 .0 0 Price (2003/million Btu) 4 .0 0 A g r e s id E c ro p F r e s id UW W MR 3 .0 0 2 .0 0 1 .0 0 0 .0…
Maximum Available Biomass Quantities Biomass type Quantity (million dry tons per year) Agricultural residue 127 Energy crops 173 Forestry residues 162 Urban wood waste/mill residue 29 Total 491 DOE program goal is to achieve…
DOEs Billion ton Vision Biopower will supply 5% of industrial and electric sector electricity demand by 2020 Biofuels will supply 20% of transportation fuels by 2030 Bioproducts will supply 25% of chemicals and materials by 2030 Biomass…
Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Cost Assumptions in NEMS Attribute Value On-line year 2008 Unit size 80 MW Construction lead time 4 years Capacity factor 80% Capital cost in 2004 (2003) 1,757/kW* Fixed O&M cost…
Capital Cost of Electricity Generating Technologies 4500 4000 Capital Cost (in 2003/kW) 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 b. e C C s e k al ar in ll al a) al ur d ga…
Biomass Use Under Alternative Scenarios AEO2006 reference case: current laws and regulations Total biomass consumption grows from 2.9 Quads in 2004 to 4.2 Quads by 2030 Biomass capacity in electricity generation sector grows from 6.4…
Experiences from a Utility Perspective
Experiences from a Utility Perspective
Supply Curve Uncertainties Climate change remains a big unknown for all forms of biomass supply Competing uses of biomass mulch market Agricultural waste: Impact of biomass removal on soil quality Forestry residues: Impact of…
Factors That Lead to Growth of Biomass Climate policies Climate Stewardship Act of 2003, Sen. McCain and Lieberman, S.139 stabilization of GHGs at 2000 levels by 2010 to 2015, GHG reduction to 1990 levels after 2015 National…
Conclusions Maximum of 491 million dry tons of biomass available Agricultural residues supplies have been updated to include a variety of crops and tillage practices Sustainability of extracting agricultural residues without impacting…