Long-Term United States and World Energy Market Trends Guy Caruso Administrator Energy Information Administration Seminar with Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation September 13, 2007 www.eia.doe.gov
World Oil Price, 1980-2030 (2005 dollars per barrel) 100 History Projections 80 High Price 60 Reference 40 Low Price 20 0 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. Energy Use per Capita and per Dollar of Real Gross Domestic Product, 1970-2030 (index, 1970 = 1) 1.2 History Projections 1.0 per capita 0.8 per dollar real GDP 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020…
U.S. Primary Energy Consumption by Fuel, 1960-2030 (quadrillion Btu) 60 History Projections Liquid Fuels 50 40 Coal 30 Natural Gas 20 Nuclear 10 Renewables 0 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy…
U.S. Delivered Energy Consumption by Sector, 2005 and 2030 (quadrillion Btu) 45 2005 40 2030 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. Liquid Fuels and Other Petroleum Consumption by Sector, 1970-2030 (million barrels per day) 20 History Projections Transportation 15 10 5 Industrial Residential and Commercial Electric Power 0 1970 1980 1990…
Liquid Fuels and Other Petroleum Consumption in Three Price Cases, 1990-2030 (million barrels per day) 30 History Projections Reference Low Price 25 High Price 20 15 10 5 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020…
Average Fuel Economy of U.S. New Light-Duty Vehicles, 1980-2030 (miles per gallon) 35 Projections Cars History 30 All Light-Duty Vehicles 25 Light Trucks 20 15 10 5 0 1980 1995 2005 2015 2030 Annual Energy…
U.S. Ethanol Production, 1981-2030 (billion gallons) 20 History Projections 15 Corn Ethanol 10 5 Cellulosic Ethanol 0 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. Sales of Unconventional Light-Duty Vehicles, 2015 and 2030 (thousand vehicles sold) 2,500 Hybrids Flex Fuel 2,000 Turbo Direct Injection Diesel Gaseous Electric 1,500 Fuel Cell 1,000 500 0 2015 2030 Annual…
U.S. Crude Oil Production by Source, 1990-2030 (million barrels per day) 10 History Projections 8 6 Total 4 Lower 48 Onshore 2 Deepwater Offshore Alaska Shallow Water Offshore 0 1990 2000 2005 2010 2020 2030…
Total U.S. Unconventional Oil Production in Two Cases, 2005-2030 (thousand barrels per day) 2,500 2,000 High Price 1,500 1,000 500 Reference 0 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
Liquid Fuels Supply, Consumption, and Imports (million barrels per day) 30 Low Price History Projections 25 High Price 20 49% 61% 67% Consumption Net Imports 15 60% High Price Production 10 Low Price 5 0 1980 1990…
Lower 48 Wellhead Natural Gas Prices, 1990-2030 (2005 dollars per thousand cubic feet) 8 History Projections High Price 6 Reference 4 Low Price 2 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Annual Energy…
U.S. Natural Gas Consumption by Sector, 1990-2030 (trillion cubic feet) History 10 Projections Industrial* 8 Electric Power 6 Residential 4 Commercial 2 Transportation** 0 1990 2000 2005 2010 2020 2030 * Includes…
U.S. Natural Gas Production, Consumption, and Net Imports, 1960-2030 (trillion cubic feet) 30 History Projections 25 Consumption Net Imports 21% 20 16% Production 15 Natural Gas Net Imports, 2005 and 2030 (trillion cubic…
U.S. Natural Gas Production by Source, 1990-2030 (trillion cubic feet) 10 History Projections 8 Lower 48 Non-Associated Unconventional 6 Lower 48 Non-Associated Conventional Onshore 4 Lower 48 Non-Associated Offshore…
Major Sources of Incremental U.S. Natural Gas Supply, 2005-2030 (trillion cubic feet) 28 26 Growth in Alaskan Production 24 Growth in LNG Imports 22 20 Growth in Non-Associated Unconventional 18 Base Production (all…
U.S. Unconventional Natural Gas Production, 1990-2030 (trillion cubic feet) History Projections 7 6 5 Tight Sands 4 3 2 Coalbed Methane 1 Gas Shales 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Annual Energy…
U.S. Net Imports of Natural Gas, 1990-2030 (trillion cubic feet) 5 History Projections 4 Overseas LNG 3 Canada 2 1 0 Mexico -1 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. LNG Imports, 1990-2030 (trillion cubic feet) 3.0 History Projections 2.5 New Terminals 2.0 1.5 Existing Terminals 1.0 0.5 0.0 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. Coal Consumption by Sector, 2005, 2010, 2020, and 2030 (quadrillion Btu) 40 35.0 30 27.5 24.2 Electric 22.8 Power 20 10 Coal-to- Liquids Other 0 2005 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
3-Year Rolling Average U.S. Electricity Demand Growth (with exponential trend line) 12% Annual History Growth Projections 1950s 10.5% 10% 1960s 7.3% 1970s 4.2% 1980s 2.6% 8% 1990s 2.3% 2000-2005 1.4% 6% 2005-2030 1.5%…
U.S. Electricity Generation by Fuel, 1980-2030 (billion kilowatthours) History Projections 3,000 Coal 2,000 Natural Gas 1,000 Nuclear Renewables Petroleum 0 1980 1990 2000 2005 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy…
U.S. Electricity Generation by Fuel, 2005 and 2030 (billion kilowatthours) 4,000 2005 - percent of total 2030 57 3,000 50 2,000 15 16 1,000 19 19 9 9 3 2 0 Coal Nuclear Natural Gas Renewable Petroleum Annual Energy…
U.S. Electricity Generation Capacity Additions by Fuel, 2006-2030 (gigawatts) 60 Natural Gas Coal Renewables 40 Nuclear 20 0 2006-2010 2011-2015 2016-2020 2021-2025 2026-2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. Nonhydroelectric Renewable Electricity Generation, 2005, 2010, 2020, and 2030 (billion kilowatthours) 300 211 200 185 Geothermal Solar 165 Wind 100 92 Biomass MSW and Landfill Gas 0 2005 2010 2020 2030…
U.S. Electricity Price, 1970-2030 (2005 cents per kilowatthour) 10 8 6 4 2 History Projections 0 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Annual Energy Outlook 2007
U.S. Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 1980-2030 (million metric tons) 9,000 History Projections 8,000 7,000 7,950 in 2030 6,000 6,944 in 2020 6,214 in 2010 5,000 Carbon Dioxide Emission Intensity, 1980-2030 (metric…
Annual Energy Outlook 2007 reference case indicates that through 2030.... Traditional fossil fuels are expected to continue to meet the bulk of energy requirements over the projection period U.S. energy demand is projected to grow at…
World Energy Consumption, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (quadrillion Btu) 450 404 400 OECD 350 294 298 300 Non-OECD 265 250 240 207 200 150 100 50 0 2004 2015 2030 North America OECD Europe OECD Asia Non-OECD Europe and…
Average Annual GDP and Population Growth for Selected Regions, 2004-2030 (percent per year) 7.5 6.5 GDP 5.5 Population 4.5 3.5 2.5 1.5 0.5 -0.5 a a es il pe st ea an ia a ri c di az…
World Marketed Energy Use, 1980-2030 (quadrillion Btu) 300 History Projections 250 34% Liquids 28% 200 38% Coal 24% 150 26% Natural Gas Share of World 100 Total 23% Renewables 8% 50 7% 6% 6% Nuclear 0 1980 1985 1990…
World Liquids Consumption, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (million barrels per day) 70 61 60 57 OECD 52 50 49 Non-OECD 46 40 33 30 20 10 0 2004 2015 2030 North America OECD Europe OECD Asia Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia…
World Proved Oil Reserves, as of January 1, 2007 (billion barrels) Middle East 739 North America 213 Africa 114 Central & South America 103 Eurasia 100 World Total = 1,317 billion barrels Asia 33 Europe 15 0 200 400…
World Liquids Production, 2004-2030 (million barrels per day oil equivalent) 120 118 Total 100 80 60 Non-OPEC (Conventional) 54 53 40 OPEC (Conventional) 20 Unconventional 10 0 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018…
Non-OPEC Producing Regions with More than a One-Million-Barrel-per-Day Increase in Production, (million barrels per day oil equivalent) 14 11.5 2005 12 10.2 2030 10 9.5 8.2 8 7.3 5.7 6 5.1 4.9 4.3 3.8 3.7 4 3.1 2.6 2.1…
OPEC Conventional Liquids Production (million barrels per day) 40 37.5 35 30 25 23.5 2005 20 2030 15 9.2 10 4.9 4.0 3.8 5 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.7 0 Asia Middle North West South East Africa Africa America International Energy…
World Unconventional Liquids Production, 1980-2030 (million barrels per day oil equivalent) 12 History Projections 10 Other Gas-To-Liquids 8 Coal-To-Liquids Biofuels 6 Ultra Heavy Crudes Canadian Oil Sands 4 2 0 1980 1990…
World Natural Gas Consumption, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (trillion cubic feet) 100 93 90 80 OECD 67 70 70 Non-OECD 62 60 51 50 48 40 30 20 10 0 2004 2015 2030 North America OECD Europe OECD Asia Non-OECD Europe and…
World Natural Gas Reserves by Region, as of January 1, 2007 (trillion cubic feet) Middle East 2566 Eurasia 2017 Africa 484 Asia 419 World Total = North America 277 6,183 Trillion Cubic Feet Central and South America 241…
World Natural Gas Production, 2004-2030 (trillion cubic feet) 180 OECD Russia 160 Middle East Other Non-OECD 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2004 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 International Energy Outlook 2007
World Coal Consumption, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (quadrillion Btu) 160 140 140 120 Non-OECD 101 100 80 OECD 68 59 60 51 47 40 20 0 2004 2015 2030 North America OECD Europe OECD Asia Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia Non-OECD…
World Nuclear Generating Capacity, 2004 and 2030 (gigawatts) OECD North America 112 131 OECD Europe 134 114 61 OECD Asia 92 15 Non-OECD Asia 72 42 2004 Non-OECD Europe 65 2030 5 Other Non-OECD 8 0 50 100 150…
World Renewables Consumption, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (quadrillion Btu) 35 29 30 25 25 OECD 22 22 20 Non-OECD 18 15 15 10 5 0 2004 2015 2030 North America OECD Europe OECD Asia Non-OECD Europe and Eurasia Non-OECD…
World Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 1990-2030 (billion metric tons) 50 History Projections 45 40 Total 35 30 25 20 Coal 15 Liquids 10 5 Natural Gas 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 International…
International Energy Outlook 2007 reference case indicates that through 2030 Worldwide marketed energy consumption grows by 57 percent, with the highest growth projected for the developing countries. World unconventional production…
Periodic Reports Petroleum Status and Natural Gas Storage Reports, weekly Short-Term Energy Outlook, monthly Annual Energy Outlook 2007, February 2007 International Energy Outlook 2007, May 2007 Examples of Special Analyses Economic…