Factors affecting adoption of renewable and other electricity generation technologies for Business Environmental Leadership Council Center for Climate and Energy Solutions November 9, 2011 Washington, DC by Howard Gruenspecht,…
Overview AEO 2011 electricity supply projections (and thoughts for AEO2012) Electricity demand growth Impact of natural gas prices Impact of new environmental regulations Analysis of a Clean Energy Standard Howard…
The Reference case electricity mix gradually shifts to lower-carbon options, with generation from natural gas rising 40% and renewables rising 75% electricity net generation trillion kilowatthours per year 2009 6 History…
Renewable electricity generation is projected to grow far more robustly to 2035 than other generation categories Average annual growth rates, 2009-2035 percent per year 5 Non-hydro renewable generation 4 3 All renewable generation…
U.S. nonhydropower renewable electricity generation, 1990- 2035 nonhydropower renewable generation billion kilowatthours per year 450 2009 History Projections 400 Advanced biofuels 350 cogeneration 300 Power sector Biomass…
Electricity generation capacity additions by fuel type, 2010- 2035 U.S. electricity generation capacity gigawatts 50 Nuclear Coal Renewables/Other Natural Gas 40 30 20 10 0 2010-2015 2016-2020 2021-2025 2026-2030…
U.S. electricity consumption grows by 30% between 2009 and 2035, but the rate of growth has slowed dramatically in recent decades percent growth (3-year rolling average) Period Annual Growth History 2009 1950s 9.8 14 1960s 7.3 1970s…
Efficiency gains for selected residential equipment in three cases, 2035 U.S. residential equipment efficiency gains percent change from 2009 installed stock efficiency Space heating: electric heat pump Space heating: gas furnace…
Operating costs: existing plants with and without a value on carbon Fuel Cost for Existing Coal and Combined The crossover point for least-cost Cycle Natural Gas Units with a Value Placed on Carbon Dioxide Emissions dispatch of coal…
Levelized electricity costs for new power plants, 2020 and 2035 Costs for new U.S. electricity power plants real 2009 cents per kilowatthour 2020 Coal Nuclear Wind Natural gas combined cycle Capital costs Fixed costs Variable…
Possible impact of pending policies Howard Gruenspecht Washington DC, November 9, 2011 11
Electric power sector carbon dioxide emissions in 4 AEO2011 sensitivity cases, 2005-2035 U.S. carbon dioxide emissions million metric tons 2750 Transport Rule Mercury MACT 5 Reference 2500 2250 Low Gas Price Retrofit Required 5 2000…
Total natural gas-fired electricity generation in four cases, 2009, 2025, and 2035 U.S. natural gas-fired electricity generation billion kilowatthours 2009 2025 Reference 2035 Transport Rule Mercury MACT 5 Low Gas Price…
Possible new policies: recent analysis of a clean energy standard Howard Gruenspecht Washington DC, November 9, 2011 14
For more information U.S. Energy Information Administration home page www.eia.gov Short-Term Energy Outlook www.eia.gov/steo Annual Energy Outlook www.eia.gov/aeo International Energy Outlook www.eia.gov/ieo Monthly Energy Review…
Residential market saturation by renewable technologies in two cases, 2009, 2020, and 2035 U.S. residential market saturation percent share of single-family homes Reference Solar photovoltaics Extended Policies 2009…
EIA Consumption Surveys, recent developments 2009 Residential Commercial Buildings Better State coverage, more information Information gap developing 2003: last successful survey 2007: inconclusive 2011: suspended 2012:…
Henry Hub natural gas spot prices in three cases, 1990-2035 real 2009 dollars per million Btu 12 History Projection 10 Low Shale EUR 8 Reference 6 4 High Shale EUR 2 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035…
The average delivered price of coal to electricity generators varies widely across U.S. regions transport costs are a key reason 2009 Delivered coal prices, per million Btu 3.49 2.01 2.45 2.01 N/A 1.55 1.55 N/A 2.27…
The fuel mix for electricity generation varies widely across U.S. regions Share of Generation by Fuel, 2009 National Average Minimum Maximum Coal 45% 0% 80% Natural Gas 23% 3% 96% Nuclear 20% 0% 43% Renewables 11% 1% 53% Oil /…
EIA projects that consumption of biomass for liquid fuels and power will increase significantly, driven primarily by cellulosic biofuels US biomass supply quadrillion Btu per year 10 8 Cellulosic biofuels + electric power 6 4…